Each network shows bill cosponsorships in the lower or upper chamber of the French Parliament.

All networks are directed graphs drawn with the Fruchterman-Reingold force-directed algorithm. The ties connect the first author of each bill to the cosponsors of that bill. The nodes are sized by unweighted total degree. When two nodes belong to the same group, any existing tie between them is given the color of that group. There is a guide to party codes and colors at the end of this page.

See the interactive visualization, or view other countries.

Assemblée nationale

L. 8 (1986–1988)
L. 9 (1988–1993)
L. 11 (1997–2002)
L. 12 (2002–2007)
L. 13 (2007–2012)
L. 14 (2012–)

Sénat

L. 8 (1986-1988)
L. 9 (1988-1993)
L. 10 (1993-1997)
L. 11 (1997-2002)
L. 12 (2002-2007)
L. 13 (2007-2012)
L. 14 (2012-)

Party abbreviations

COM

Communists and far-left (C, CRC, PG, GDR), red

ECOLO

Greens (Verts), green

RAD

Radical-Socialists (GD, RCV, RRDP, RDE, RDSE), yellow

SOC

Socialists (or leftwing coalition during the gauche plurielle, 1997-2002)

CEN

Centrists (RI, RDS, PDM, IPAS, CNIP, CRARS, UC, UCR, UCDP, CD, RIAS, UDF, UDI, NC, Modem), orange

DRO

Conservatives (UNR, UDR, MRP, RPR, DL, UMP), blue

FN

Front national, brown

IND

Independents (or unaffiliateds, “sans étiquette/non inscrits”), light grey